193 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
193 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# Finance Lite — Simple Budget & Expense Guide
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Load this reference for: simple budgets, expense reports, fee tracking, cost summaries, revenue/expense comparison, personal finance, project cost tracking — any financial table that does **NOT** need DCF, LBO, three-statement linkage, sensitivity analysis, or IB-grade formatting.
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For complex financial models → use `scenes/finance.md` instead.
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Also load `engines/design.md` for styling (use **standard** design tokens, NOT IB overrides).
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---
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## When to Use finance_lite vs finance
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| Signal | finance_lite ✅ | finance.md ❌ |
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|--------|----------------|--------------|
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| 预算表 / budget | ✅ | |
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| 费用报表 / expense report | ✅ | |
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| 项目成本追踪 / project cost tracking | ✅ | |
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| 收支对比 / revenue vs cost | ✅ | |
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| 个人记账 / personal finance | ✅ | |
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| 简单 ROI 计算 / simple ROI calculation | ✅ | |
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| DCF / LBO / 估值模型 (valuation model) | | ✅ |
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| 三表联动 (P&L + BS + CF) | | ✅ |
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| 敏感性分析 / scenario table | | ✅ |
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| IB pitch book level formatting | | ✅ |
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---
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## Standard Sheet Structure
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```
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Sheet: "Budget" (or user-specified name)
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Row 1: margin (whitespace)
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Row 2: Title (merged, styled via setup_sheet())
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Row 3: spacer
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Row 4: Headers
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Row 5+: Data rows
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Last row: Totals (if applicable)
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```
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### Typical Column Patterns
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**Budget Table:**
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```
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Category (类别) | Budget Amount (预算金额) | Actual Amount (实际金额) | Variance (差异) | Variance Rate (差异率) | Notes (备注)
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```
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**Expense Report:**
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```
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Date (日期) | Category (类别) | Description (说明) | Amount (金额) | Claimant (报销人) | Status (状态)
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```
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**Revenue vs Cost:**
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```
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Month (月份) | Revenue (收入) | Cost (成本) | Gross Profit (毛利) | Gross Margin (毛利率)
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```
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**Project Cost:**
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```
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Phase (阶段) | Task (任务) | Budget (预算) | Used (已用) | Remaining (剩余) | Usage Rate (使用率) | Status (状态)
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```
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---
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## Formula Patterns
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```python
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# Variance
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cell.value = '=C{r}-B{r}' # Actual - Budget
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# Variance percentage (safe division)
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cell.value = '=IFERROR((C{r}-B{r})/B{r},0)'
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# Running total
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cell.value = '=SUM(D$5:D{r})'
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# Gross margin
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cell.value = '=IFERROR((B{r}-C{r})/B{r},0)'
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# Status formula (simple threshold)
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cell.value = '=IF(F{r}>1,"Over Budget",IF(F{r}>0.9,"At Risk","On Track"))'
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# Subtotal
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cell.value = '=SUBTOTAL(9,D{start}:D{end})'
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# Grand total
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cell.value = '=SUM(D5:D{last_data_row})'
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```
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---
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## Number Formats
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Use standard formats from `templates/base.py`:
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```python
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from templates.base import FORMATS
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cell.number_format = FORMATS['currency_cny'] # ¥#,##0.00
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cell.number_format = FORMATS['percentage'] # 0.0%
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cell.number_format = FORMATS['integer'] # #,##0
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cell.number_format = FORMATS['date'] # YYYY-MM-DD
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```
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For budget-specific formatting (negatives in parentheses):
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```python
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BUDGET_FORMATS = {
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'currency': '¥#,##0.00;(¥#,##0.00);"-"',
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'variance': '#,##0.00;(#,##0.00);"-"',
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'var_pct': '0.0%;(0.0%);"-"',
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}
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```
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---
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## Styling
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Use **standard** design tokens (NOT IB overrides):
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```python
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from templates.base import (
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setup_sheet, style_header_row, style_data_row, style_total_row,
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FONT_NAME, HEADER_BOLD, PRIMARY, ACCENT_POSITIVE, ACCENT_NEGATIVE, ACCENT_WARNING,
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font_body, font_header, fill_header,
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)
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# Setup
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setup_sheet(ws, title="2026年部门预算", last_col=7)
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# Headers at row 4
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style_header_row(ws, row_num=4, col_start=2, col_end=7)
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# Data rows
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for i, row_num in enumerate(range(5, last_row + 1)):
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style_data_row(ws, row_num=row_num, col_start=2, col_end=7, row_index=i)
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# Totals
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style_total_row(ws, row_num=last_row + 1, col_start=2, col_end=7)
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```
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---
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## Conditional Formatting (Simple)
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```python
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from openpyxl.formatting.rule import CellIsRule
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from templates.base import CF_POSITIVE_FONT, CF_POSITIVE_FILL, CF_NEGATIVE_FONT, CF_NEGATIVE_FILL
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# Highlight positive variance (green)
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ws.conditional_formatting.add(
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f'D5:D{last_row}',
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CellIsRule(operator='greaterThan', formula=['0'],
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font=CF_POSITIVE_FONT, fill=CF_POSITIVE_FILL)
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)
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# Highlight negative variance (red)
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ws.conditional_formatting.add(
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f'D5:D{last_row}',
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CellIsRule(operator='lessThan', formula=['0'],
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font=CF_NEGATIVE_FONT, fill=CF_NEGATIVE_FILL)
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)
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```
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---
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## Quick Templates
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### Template: Monthly Budget
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```python
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headers = ["类别", "预算金额", "实际金额", "差异", "差异率", "状态"]
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# Variance = Actual - Budget
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# Var% = IFERROR((Actual-Budget)/Budget, 0)
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# Status = IF(Var%>0.1,"超支"(Over Budget),IF(Var%>0,"注意"(Watch),"正常"(Normal)))
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```
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### Template: Expense Report
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```python
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headers = ["日期", "类别", "说明", "金额", "报销人", "状态"]
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# Date format: YYYY-MM-DD
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# Amount: currency_cny
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# Status: dropdown validation ["待审批"(Pending),"已审批"(Approved),"已报销"(Reimbursed),"已拒绝"(Rejected)]
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```
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### Template: Project Cost Tracker
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```python
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headers = ["阶段", "任务", "预算", "已用", "剩余", "使用率", "状态"]
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# Remaining = Budget - Used
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# Usage% = IFERROR(Used/Budget, 0)
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# Status = IF(Usage%>1,"超支"(Over Budget),IF(Usage%>0.9,"预警"(Warning),"正常"(Normal)))
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```
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